Helier that Charles II of England was first proclaimed King in 1649, following the execution of his father, Charles I. The entire region became a territory of England on June 24, 1664, after an English fleet under the command of Colonel Richard Nicolls sailed into what is today New York Harbor and took control of Fort Amsterdam, annexing the entire province.ĭuring the English Civil War, the Channel Island of Jersey remained loyal to the British Crown and gave sanctuary to the King. Peter Minuit's purchase of lands along the Delaware River established the colony of New Sweden. The first to do so was Michiel Pauw who established a patronship called Pavonia in 1630 along the North River which eventually became the Bergen. Although the European principle of land ownership was not recognized by the Lenape, Dutch West India Company policy required their colonists to purchase land which they settled. The Dutch colony of New Netherland consisted of parts of modern Middle Atlantic states. The Dutch became the first Europeans to lay claim to lands in New Jersey.
The relative location of the New Netherland and New Sweden settlements in eastern North America They first encountered the Dutch in the early 17th century, and their primary relationship with the Europeans was through fur trade.Ĭolonial era Main article: Colonial history of New Jersey File:Nieuw Nederland and Nya Sverige.svg These clans were organized into three distinct phratries identified by their animal sign: Turtle, Turkey, and Wolf. The Lenape society was divided into matrilinear clans that were based upon common female ancestors. The Lenape were several autonomous groups that practiced maize agriculture in order to supplement their hunting and gathering in the region surrounding the Delaware River, the lower Hudson River, and western Long Island Sound. Scheyichbi is the Lenape name for the land that is now New Jersey. New Jersey was originally settled by Native Americans, with the Lenni-Lenape being dominant at the time of contact.
As the glaciers retreated, they left behind Lake Passaic, as well as many rivers, swamps, and gorges. Around 18,000 years ago, the Ice Age resulted in glaciers that reached New Jersey. The pressure of the collision between North America and Africa gave rise to the Appalachian Mountains. History Main article: History of New JerseyĪround 180 million years ago, during the Jurassic Period, New Jersey bordered North Africa.
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